List of names
Below is the list of the 99 Names of God according al-Walid ibn Muslim.
# | Arabic | Transliteration | Translation (can vary based on context) | Qur'anic usage |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | الرحمن | Ar-Rahmān | The Compassionate, The Beneficent, The Gracious | Beginning of every chapter except one, and in numerous other places. Name frequently used in Surah 55, Ar-Rahman. |
2 | الرحيم | Ar-Rahim | The Merciful | Beginning of every chapter except one, and in numerous other places |
3 | الملك | Al-Malik | The King, The Master, The Sovereign Lord | 59:23, 20:114 |
4 | القدوس | Al-Quddus | The Holy, The Pure, The Perfect | 59:23, 62:1 |
5 | السلام | As-Salām | The Peace and Blessing, The Source of Peace and Safety, | 59:23 |
6 | المؤمن | Al-Mu'min | The Guarantor, The Affirming, | 59:23 |
7 | المهيمن | Al-Muhaymin | The Guardian, The Protector | 59:23 |
8 | العزيز | Al-Aziz | The Almighty, The Sufficient, The Honorable | 3:6, 4:158, 9:40, 48:7, 59:23 |
9 | الجبار | Al-Jabbar | The Irresistible, The Compeller, The Lofty, | 59:23 |
10 | المتكبر | Al-Mutakabbir | The Highest, The Greatest | 59:23 |
11 | الخالق | Al-Khāliq | The Creator | 6:102, 13:16, 39:62, 40:62, 59:24 |
12 | البارئ | Al-Bāri' | The Rightful | 59:24 |
13 | المصور | Al-Musawwir | The Evolver, The Fashioner of Forms | 59:24 |
14 | الغفار | Al-Ghaffār | The Forgiving | 20:82, 38:66, 39:5, 40:42, 71:10 |
15 | القهار | Al-Qahhār | The Subduer | 13:16, 14:48, 38:65, 39:4, 40:16 |
16 | الوهاب | Al-Wahhāb | The Bestower | 3:8, 38:9, 38:35 |
17 | الرزاق | Ar-Razzāq | The Provider | 51:58 |
18 | الفتاح | Al-Fattāh | The Opener, The Victory Giver | 34:26 |
19 | العليم | Al-'Alīm | The All Knowing, The Omniscient | 2:158, 3:92, 4:35, 24:41, 33:40 |
20 | القابض | Al-Qābid | The Restrainer, The Straightener | 2:245 |
21 | الباسط | Al-Bāsit | The Extender / Expander | 2:245 |
22 | الخافض | Al-Khāfid | The Abaser | 95:5 |
23 | الرافع | Ar-Rāfi' | The Exalter | 58:11, 6:83 |
24 | المعز | Al-Mu'izz | The Giver of Honour | 3:26 |
25 | المذل | Al-Mu'dhell | The Giver of Dishonour | 3:26 |
26 | السميع | As-Samī | The All Hearing | 2:127, 2:256, 8:17, 49:1 |
27 | البصير | Al-Basīr | The All Seeing | 4:58, 17:1, 42:11, 42:27 |
28 | الحكم | Al-Hakam | The Judge, The Arbitrator | 22:69 |
29 | العدل | Al-`Adl | The Utterly Just | 6:115 |
30 | اللطيف | Al-Latīf | The Gentle, The Subtly Kind | 6:103, 22:63, 31:16, 33:34 |
31 | الخبير | Al-Khabīr | The All Aware | 6:18, 17:30, 49:13, 59:18 |
32 | الحليم | Al-Halīm | The Forbearing, The Indulgent | 2:235, 17:44, 22:59, 35:41 |
33 | العظيم | Al-'Azīm | The Magnificent | 2:255, 42:4, 56:96 |
34 | الغفور | Al-Ghafūr | The All Forgiving | 2:173, 8:69, 16:110, 41:32 |
35 | الشكور | Ash-Shakūr | The Grateful | 35:30, 35:34, 42:23, 64:17 |
36 | العلي | Al-'Aliyy | The Sublime | 4:34, 31:30, 42:4, 42:51 |
37 | الكبير | Al-Kabīr | The Great | 13:9, 22:62, 31:30 |
38 | الحفيظ | Al-Hafīz | The Preserver | 11:57, 34:21, 42:6 |
39 | المقيت | Al-Muqīt | The Nourisher | 4:85 |
40 | الحسيب | Al-Hasīb | The Bringer of Judgment | 4:6, 4:86, 33:39 |
41 | الجليل | Al-Jalīl | The Majestic | 55:27, 39:14, 7:143 |
42 | الكريم | Al-Karīm | The Bountiful, The Generous | 27:40, 82:6 |
43 | الرقيب | Ar-Raqīb | The Watchful | 4:1, 5:117 |
44 | المجيب | Al-Mujīb | The Responsive, The Answer | 11:61 |
45 | الواسع | Al-Wāsi' | The Vast, The All-Embracing, The Omnipresent | 2:268, 3:73, 5:54 |
46 | الحكيم | Al-Hakīm | The Wise | 31:27, 46:2, 57:1, 66:2 |
47 | الودود | Al-Wadūd | The Loving | 11:90, 85:14 |
48 | المجيد | Al-Majīd | The Glorious | 11:73 |
49 | الباعث | Al-Bā'ith | The Ressurecter | 22:7 |
50 | الشهيد | Ash-Shahīd | The Witness | 4:166, 22:17, 41:53, 48:28 |
51 | الحق | Al-Haqq | The Truth, The Real | 6:62, 22:6, 23:116, 24:25 |
52 | الوكيل | Al-Wakīl | The Trustee, The Dependable | 3:173, 4:171, 28:28, 73:9 |
53 | القوى | Al-Qawwiyy | The Strong | 22:40, 22:74, 42:19, 57:25 |
54 | المتين | Al-Matīn | The Firm, The Steadfast | 51:58 |
55 | الولى | Al-Waliyy | The Friend, Patron and Helper | 4:45, 7:196, 42:28, 45:19 |
56 | الحميد | Al-Hamīd | The All Praiseworthy | 14:8, 31:12, 31:26, 41:42 |
57 | المحصى | Al-Muhsi | The Accounter, The Numberer of All | 72:28, 78:29, 82:10-12 |
58 | المبدئ | Al-Mubdi' | The Originator, Producer and Initiator of All | 10:34, 27:64, 29:19, 85:13 |
59 | المعيد | Al-Mu'īd | The Restorer, The Reinstater Who Brings Back All | 10:34, 27:64, 29:19, 85:13 |
60 | المحيى | Al-Muhyi | The Giver of Life | 7:158, 15:23, 30:50, 57:2 |
61 | المميت | Al-Mumīt | The Destroyer, The Bringer of Death | 3:156, 7:158, 15:23, 57:2 |
62 | الحي | Al-Hayy | The Living | 2:255, 3:2, 25:58, 40:65 |
63 | القيوم | Al-Qayyūm | The Subsisting | 2:255, 3:2, 20:111 |
64 | الواجد | Al-Wājid | The Perceiver, The Finder, The Unfailing | 38:44 |
65 | الماجد | Al-Mājid | The Illustrious, The Magnificent | 85:15, 11:73, |
66 | الواحد | Al-Wāhid | The Unity, The Indivisible | 2:163, 5:73, 9:31, 18:110 |
67 | الاحد | Al-'Ahad | The One, The Unique | 112:1 |
68 | الصمد | As-Samad | The Eternal, The Absolute, The Self-Sufficient | 112:2 |
69 | القادر | Al-Qādir | The Omnipotent, The All Able | 6:65, 36:81, 46:33, 75:40 |
70 | المقتدر | Al-Muqtadir | The Determiner, The Dominant | 18:45, 54:42, 54:55 |
71 | المقدم | Al-Muqaddim | The Expediter, He Who Brings Forward | 16:61, 17:34, |
72 | المؤخر | Al-Mu'akhkhir | The Delayer, He Who Puts Far Away | 71:4 |
73 | الأول | Al-'Awwal | The First (Alpha) | 57:3 |
74 | الأخر | Al-'Akhir | The Last (Omega) | 57:3 |
75 | الظاهر | Az-Zāhir | The Manifest, The Evident, The Outer | 57:3 |
76 | الباطن | Al-Bātin | The Hidden, The Unmanifest, The Inner | 57:3 |
77 | الوالي | Al-Wāli | The Patron | 13:11, 22:7 |
78 | المتعالي | Al-Mutā'ali | The Exalted | 13:9 |
79 | البر | Al-Barr | The Good | 52:28 |
80 | التواب | At-Tawwāb | The Ever Returning, Ever Relenting | 2:128, 4:64, 49:12, 110:3 |
81 | المنتقم | Al-Muntaqim | The Avenger | 32:22, 43:41, 44:16 |
82 | العفو | Al-Afuww | The Pardoner, The Effacer | 4:99, 4:149, 22:60 |
83 | الرؤوف | Ar-Ra'ūf | The Kind, The Pitying | 3:30, 9:117, 57:9, 59:10 |
84 | مالك الملك | Mālik-ul-Mulk | The Owner of all Sovereignty | 3:26 |
85 | ذو الجلال والإكرام | Dhū-l-Jalāli wa-l-'ikrām | The Lord of Majesty and Generosity | 55:27, 55:78 |
86 | المقسط | Al-Muqsiţ | The Equitable, The Requiter | 7:29, 3:18 |
87 | الجامع | Al-Jāmi | The Gatherer, The Unifier | 3:9 |
88 | الغني | Al-Ghaniyy | The Rich, The Independent | 3:97, 39:7, 47:38, 57:24 |
89 | المغني | Al-Mughni | The Enricher, The Emancipator | 9:28 |
90 | المانع | Al-Māni' | The Withholder, The Shielder, the Defender | 67:21 |
91 | الضار | Ad-Dārr | The Distressor, The Harmer, The Afflictor | 6:17 |
92 | النافع | An-Nāfi | The Propitious, The Benefactor, The Source of Good | 30:37 |
93 | النور | An-Nūr | The Light | 24:35 |
94 | الهادي | Al-Hādi | The Guide, The Way | 22:54 |
95 | البديع | Al-Badī | The Incomparable, The Originator | 2:117, 6:101 |
96 | الباقي | Al-Bāqi | The Immutable, The Infinite, The Everlasting | 55:27 |
97 | الوارث | Al-Wārith | The Heir, The Inheritor of All | 15:23 |
98 | الرشيد | Ar-Rashīd | The Teacher | 2:256 |
99 | الصبور | As-Sabur | The Timeless, The Patient | 2:153, 3:200, 103:3 |
[edit] 100th name
The 99 names point to the inherent unity of the all-embracing Greatest Name.[5] In Islamic Traditions, it is stated "The Greatest Name of Allah is the one which if He [Allah] is called (prayed to) by it, he will answer." (Ibn Májah).[6]
[edit] Baha' ad-Din al-`Amili
According to Bahá'í scholar ‘Abdu’l-Hamíd Ishráq-Khávari, Shaykh Baha' al-Din adopted the pen name (takhallus) 'Baha' after being inspired by words of Shi'a Imam Muhammad al-Baqir (the fifth Imam) and Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq (the sixth Imam), who had stated that the Greatest Name of God was included in either Du'ay-i-Sahar or Du'ay-i-Umm-i-Davud.[7] In the first verse of the Du'ay-i-Sahar, a dawn prayer for the Ramadan, the name "Bahá" appears four times: "Allahumma inni as 'aluka min Bahá' ika bi Abháh va kulla Bahá' ika Bahí".[8]
[edit] Bábí and Bahá'í
Bahá'í sources state that the Báb fulfills the prophecy of the Mahdi, and the 100th name was revealed as "Bahá’" (an Arabic word بهاء meaning "glory, splendor" etc.), which is the root word for Bahá'u'lláh and Bahá'í. It is also known as the 'Greatest Name'.[7][9] The Báb wrote a noted pentagram-shaped tablet with 360 derivatives of the word "Bahá'" used in it.[7]
[edit] More names
There is a misconception that there are only 99 Names of Allah that have been revealed. This is incorrect. Please see Al-Mubaada Al-Mufeedah fee Tawheed wa Fiqh wa 'Aqeedah by Ash-Shaykh Yahyaa bin 'Alee Al-Hajooree. At the end of the 4th printing, he lists 109 names with the evidences from the Qur'aan and Sunnah. All of the names were affirmed by Ibn Qayyin in his work Nooneeyah.
[edit] Personal names
According to Islamic tradition, a Muslim may not be given any of the 99 names of God in the exact same form. For example, nobody may be named al-Malik (The King), but may be named Malik (King). This is because of the belief that God is almighty, and no human being is the equivalent of God, and no human being will ever be the equivalent of God. Muslims are allowed to use the 99 names of Allah for themselves but should not put 'Al' at the front of them.
However the names/attributes of God can be combined with the word "‘Abd -" which means "servant/slave" (of God) and are commonly used as personal names among Muslims. For example ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ("Servant of the Most Compassionate/the Beneficent"). The two parts of the name may be written separately (as above) or combined as one transliterated name; in such a case, the vowel transcribed after ‘Abd is often written as u when the two words are transcribed as one: e.g., Abdurrahman, Abdul'aziz, "Abdul-Jabbar", or even Abdullah ("Servant of God"). (This has to do with Arabic case vowels, the final u vowel showing the normal "quote" nominative/vocative case form: ‘abdu.)
Some Muslim people have names resembling those 99. Examples include
- Ra'ouf, such as Ra'ouf Mus'ad.
- Salam, such as Salam Fayyad.
- Kareem, such as Kareem Abdul-Jabbar.
- Razzaq, such as Abdul Razzaq.
[edit] Notes
- ^ Fleming, Marrianne; Worden, David (2004). Religious Studies for AQA; Thinking About God and Morality. Oxford: Heinemann Educational Publishers. ISBN 0-435-30713-4.
- ^ Ibn Majah, book of Du`a;[citation needed] and by Imam Malik in his Muwatta', Kitab al-Shi`r[citation needed]
- ^ Mahmoud Abdul Razek Al Radwany, “Of the 99 Names Of Allah That We Repeat: Only 69 Are Authentic” published in the Egyptian daily, Al Ahram, in Nov 18, 2005. His objections are mostly grammatical in that a ‘name’ in Arabic must be a noun: “only 69 of those names are authenticated from the Quran and Sunnah, while 29 are not authentic in that 22 are verbs or adjectives, and 7 are 'modafa' or ‘added to.’” Islamic Forum/
- ^ a b Böwering, Gerhard. "God and his Attributes". Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān.
- ^ Schimmel, Annemarie (1993). The Mystery of Numbers. New York, USA: Oxford University Press. p. 271. ISBN 0195089197. http://books.google.nl/books?id=lBIZ9PRZvPIC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ Momen, Moojan (2000). Islam and the Bahá'í Faith. Oxford, UK: George Ronald. ISBN 0853984468. The endnote states: "Ibn Májah, Sunan, 34. (Kitáb ad-Du'á), ch. 9, no. 3856, vol. 2, p. 1267. See also: Ad-Dárimí, Sunan, 23 (Fada'il al-Qur'án), ch. 15, no. 3296, vol. 2, pp. 324-5. Similar statements in Shi'i Traditions include: Majlisí, Bihár al-Anwár, vol. 26. p. 7."
- ^ a b c Lambden, Stephen (1993). "The Word Bahá': Quintessence of the Greatest Name". Bahá'í Studies Review 3 (1). http://bahai-library.com/?file=lambden_quintessence_greatest_name.
- ^ Khadem, Dhikru'llah (March 1976). "Bahá'u'lláh and His Most Holy Shrine". Bahá'í News (540): pp. 4–5. http://www.teachingandprojects.com/meansandmaterials.htm.
- ^ Smith, Peter (2000). "greatest name". A concise encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith. Oxford: Oneworld Publications. pp. 167–8. ISBN 1-85168-184-1.
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